OVERVIEW

Cholesterol is a substance that is found in the fatty tissues of all animals. It is essential for the forming of cell membranes, various hormones, and vitamin D. Humans produce all the cholesterol they need and do not require any from the diet. However, cholesterol can be found in food from animal sources, such as dairy products and meat.

Cholesterol is transported through the bloodstream by lipoproteins. There are two main types of lipoproteins: low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and high-density lipoproteins (HDL). LDL cholesterol is often referred to as “bad” cholesterol because it can lead to the buildup of plaque in the arteries. HDL cholesterol is often referred to as “good” cholesterol because it helps remove LDL cholesterol from the arteries.

When there is too much LDL cholesterol in the blood, it can build up on the walls of the arteries. This buildup is called plaque. Plaque can narrow the arteries and make it harder for blood to flow through. This can lead to heart disease, stroke

SYMPTOMS

The signs and symptoms of high Cholesterol may include the following:

• Chest pain.
• Shortness of breath.
• Fatigue.
• Headaches.
• Difficulty concentrating.
• Numbness or tingling in your hands or feet.
• Impaired vision or difficulty focusing.

CAUSES

Cholesterol is carried through your blood, attached to proteins. This combination of proteins and cholesterol is called a lipoprotein. There are different types of cholesterol, based on what the lipoprotein carries. They are:

• Low-density lipoprotein (LDL). LDL, the “bad” cholesterol, transports cholesterol particles throughout your body. LDL cholesterol builds up in the walls of your arteries, making them hard and narrow.
• High-density lipoprotein (HDL). HDL, the “good” cholesterol, picks up excess cholesterol and takes it back to your liver.

A lipid profile also typically measures triglycerides, a type of fat in the blood. Having a high triglyceride level also can increase your risk of heart disease.

TREATMENT

High cholesterol can be treated through a combination of lifestyle changes and medication.

In addition to lifestyle changes, My Doctor Online can prescribe cholesterol medication to help lower your cholesterol levels. The most commonly used cholesterol medications are statins, bile acid sequestrants, and cholesterol absorption inhibitors. The choice of medication will depend on your individual health needs and risk factors.